Navegando por Autor "Andrade, Katia C."

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Brain complex network analysis by means of resting state fMRI and graph analysis: Will it be helpful in clinical epilepsy?
(2014) Onias, Heloisa; Viol, Aline; Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda; Andrade, Katia C.; Sturzbecher, Marcio; Viswanathan, Gandhimohan; Araújo, Dráulio Barros de
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has just completed 20 years of existence. It currently serves as a research tool in a broad range of human brain studies in normal and pathological conditions, as is the case of epilepsy. To date, most fMRI studies aimed at characterizing brain activity in response to various active paradigms. More recently, a number of strategies have been used to characterize the low-frequency oscillations of the ongoing fMRI signals when individuals are at rest. These datasets have been largely analyzed in the context of functional connectivity, which inspects the covariance of fMRI signals from different areas of the brain. In addition, resting state fMRI is progressively being used to evaluate complex network features of the brain. These strategies have been applied to a number of different problems in neuroscience, which include diseases such as Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. Hence, we herein aimed at introducing the subject of complex network and how to use it for the analysis of fMRI data. This appears to be a promising strategy to be used in clinical epilepsy. Therefore, we also review the recent literature that has applied these ideas to the analysis of fMRI data in patients with epilepsy.
Effects of yoga respiratory practice (bhastrika pranayama) on anxiety, affect, and brain functional connectivity and activity: a randomized controlled trial
(2020-05-21) Novaes, Morgana M.; Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda; Onias, Heloisa; Andrade, Katia C.; Lobão-Soares, Bruno; Arruda-Sanchez, Tiago; Kozasa, Elisa H.; Santaella, Danilo F.; Araújo, Dráulio Barros de
Pranayama refers to a set of yoga breathing exercises. Recent evidence suggests that the practice of pranayama has positive effects on measures of clinical stress and anxiety. This study explored the impact of a Bhastrika pranayama training program on emotion processing, anxiety, and affect. We used a randomized controlled trial design with thirty healthy young adults assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of pranayama practices. Two functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols were used both at baseline and post-intervention: an emotion task as well as a resting-state acquisition. Our results suggest that pranayama significantly decreased states of anxiety and negative affect. The practice of pranayama also modulated the activity of brain regions involved in emotional processing, particularly the amygdala, anterior cingulate, anterior insula, and prefrontal cortex. Resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) showed significantly reduced functional connectivity involving the anterior insula and lateral portions of the prefrontal cortex. Correlation analysis revealed that changes in connectivity between the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the right anterior insula were associated with changes in anxiety. Although it should be noted that these analyses were preliminary and exploratory, it provides the first evidence that 4 weeks of B. pranayama significantly reduce the levels of anxiety and negative affect, and that these changes are associated with the modulation of activity and connectivity in brain areas involved in emotion processing, attention, and awareness.
Rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
(2018-06-15) Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda; Barreto, Dayanna; Onias, Heloisa; Andrade, Katia C.; Novaes, Morgana M.; Pessoa, Jessica A.; Mota-Rolim, Sergio A.; Osório, Flávia L.; Sanches, Rafael; Santos, Rafael G. dos; Tófoli, Luís Fernando; Silveira, Gabriela de Oliveira; Yonamine, Mauricio; Riba, Jordi; Santos, Francisco R.; Silva-Junior, Antonio A.; Alchieri, João C.; Galvão-Coelho, Nicole L.; Lobão-Soares, Bruno; Hallak, Jaime E. C.; Arcoverde, Emerson; Maia-de-Oliveira, João P.; Araújo, Dráulio Barros de
Background Recent open-label trials show that psychedelics, such as ayahuasca, hold promise as fast-onset antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression. Methods To test the antidepressant effects of ayahuasca, we conducted a parallel-arm, double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in 29 patients with treatment-resistant depression. Patients received a single dose of either ayahuasca or placebo. We assessed changes in depression severity with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating scale at baseline, and at 1 (D1), 2 (D2), and 7 (D7) days after dosing. Results We observed significant antidepressant effects of ayahuasca when compared with placebo at all-time points. MADRS scores were significantly lower in the ayahuasca group compared with placebo at D1 and D2 (p = 0.04), and at D7 (p < 0.0001). Between-group effect sizes increased from D1 to D7 (D1: Cohen's d = 0.84; D2: Cohen's d = 0.84; D7: Cohen's d = 1.49). Response rates were high for both groups at D1 and D2, and significantly higher in the ayahuasca group at D7 (64% v. 27%; p = 0.04). Remission rate showed a trend toward significance at D7 (36% v. 7%, p = 0.054). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first controlled trial to test a psychedelic substance in treatment-resistant depression. Overall, this study brings new evidence supporting the safety and therapeutic value of ayahuasca, dosed within an appropriate setting, to help treat depression. This study is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02914769).
The Psychedelic State Induced by Ayahuasca Modulates the Activity and Connectivity of the Default Mode Network
(Plos One, 2015-02-18) Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda; Andrade, Katia C.; Tofoli, Luis F.; Santos, Antonio C.; Crippa, Jose Alexandre S.; Hallak, Jaime E. C.; Ribeiro, Sidarta Tollendal Gomes; Araújo, Dráulio Barros de

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Navegando por Autor "Andrade, Katia C."